Ph.D. Duke University, Zoology
B.S.  California State Polytechnic College, Biological Sciences

Dr. Richard Caldwell, a company founder, is Laboratory Director and Toxicology Program Manager for NAS, and maintains direct involvement in many projects.  Dr. Caldwell has more than 35 years of experience in aquatic toxicology, environmental chemistry, marine physiology, and marine ecology, with over 20 years at NAS.  His experience includes fate and effects of environmental chemicals in aquatic organisms and ecosystems; environmental physiology of aquatic organisms; and toxicology and bioaccumulation studies related to NPDES, RCRA, CERCLA, and dredging programs.